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Colorado GMU 10 elk: terrain, access and seasons

Unit 10's terrain, access, seasons and CPW elk figures, with Conditions rebuilt nightly.

By Bryson, co-founder Updated

2026 season

Second rifle Oct 24–Nov 1

Every section below follows this season.

Decide

The season's licenses, draw results and harvest figures.

At a glance

Second rifle runs Oct 24–Nov 1, 2026; CPW's 2024 harvest survey put success at 55% for 33 hunters.

Size
832 sq mi
CPW unit boundary, 2025
Counties
Moffat, Rio Blanco
Elevation
5,010–8,700 ft
USGS 3DEP, 2026-10-19
Huntable public land
64%
COMaP, 2026-10-12
Second rifle license, 2026
Draw cow
CPW 2026 big game brochure
Success
55%
CPW harvest survey, 2024
Hunters
33
CPW harvest survey, 2024
Hunter-days per sq mi
0.2
CPW, 2024
Road miles, any vehicle
303 mi
MVUM + CDOT, open on the Oct 24 opener
Median Habitat Score
0.8 of 5
Ranks 117th of 128 for second rifle. Glassline, v20, 2026-10-19

In short

A low-elevation, mostly open draw-only unit with less far-from-road ground than most units and far fewer hunters than in 2022. Most of Unit 10 sits between 5,000 and 7,000 feet, mostly shrubland with pinyon-juniper after it. Just under two-thirds of the unit is huntable public land, and almost none of that ground is more than an hour and a half on foot from a drivable road. CPW's survey counted 274 hunters across all seasons in 2024, down from 570 in 2022. Every license here is drawn.

Licenses and draw

Second rifle in Unit 10, 2026: a draw cow license (E-F-010-O2-R).

  • E-F-010-O2-R cow, draw 2026 draw: drawn out at 0 points for residents and nonresidents

CPW 2026 big game brochure; CPW primary-draw recap and drawn-out-at reports, 2024–2026, adult licenses. Every year of draw results is under Hunt codes and draw results.

Plan

The map, Conditions, access, hunt codes and draw results for the season, and what the research says.

Map

The interactive map (public land by manager, roads by vehicle class, burns, trailheads, SNOTEL stations, terrain and CPW's mapped ranges) needs JavaScript. The outline shows where Unit 10 sits among its neighbors.

11 1 21 2 22 10

Public data only. The plan lives in the app. Map sources

Conditions

As of Oct 21: no SNOTEL station sits within 6 mi of the unit; severe drought (D2) on the US Drought Monitor over 43.6% of the unit.

Rebuilt nightly; sources at the end of the page.

Item Value Data
SNOTEL No SNOTEL station within 6 mi of the unit
Drought D2, Severe droughtShare of the unit: D0 or worse 100% · D1 or worse 100% · D2 or worse 43.6% USDM 2026-10-13 USDM 2026-10-13
Greenness vs normal, Sep 14–29 123% of the September normal (2014–2023), MODIS 16-day composite 2026-09-29 2026-09-29

7-day forecast

NWS 7-day gridpoint forecast for 8,000–9,000 ft, issued Oct 21; the second rifle opener, Oct 24, is marked; no front named in the NWS discussion for the 7 days.

8,000–9,000 ft NWS GJT gridpoint 94,160, issued 2026-10-21. Gusts and lows: gridpoint only. No front named in the NWS discussion for the 7 days.
Wed 10/21 Thu 10/22 Fri 10/23 Sat 10/24 Opener Sun 10/25 Mon 10/26 Tue 10/27
High / low 52° 43°51° 46°47° 38°43° 35°43° 35°45° 35°45° 34°
Precip 0.1 in0.5 in0.1 in0 in0 in0 in0 in
Snow 0 in0 in0 in0 in0 in0 in0 in
Gusts 18 mph20 mph35 mph17 mph12 mph13 mph20 mph

Access

Unit 10 has 5 trailheads and about 303 miles of road any vehicle may drive on the second rifle opener, plus 44 more that need high clearance. Just under nine-tenths of the huntable public ground is within a 30-minute walk of a drivable road, and almost none is more than an hour and a half away.

Trailheads
5
COTREX, computed 2026-10-19
Road miles open, second rifle opener Oct 24–Nov 1, by the smallest vehicle allowed. MVUM plus county and state roads.
Vehicle Miles
Any vehicle
303 mi
High clearance
44 mi
4x4
0 mi
Walking time from a drivable road Share of huntable public ground by foot time from the nearest drivable road. Foot time at a standard pace on Glassline's travel model (slope, vegetation, trails), from the nearest highway, road a high-clearance vehicle can drive, or trailhead, with every road open.
Walking time Share
Within 30 min
85.7%
30–60 min
9.8%
60–90 min
3%
Over 90 min
1.4%

Hunt codes and draw results

1 hunt code for second rifle, 2026, with CPW's primary-draw results for 2024–2026.

Hunt code Year Licenses Residents Nonresidents
1st-choice applicants Drawn Drawn out at 1st-choice applicants Drawn Drawn out at
E-F-010-O2-R cow 2024 40 56 24 1 point 9 2 1 point
2025 50 47 28 1 point 11 4 2 points
2026 75 42 40 0 points 9 7 0 points

Hunt codes from the CPW 2026 big game brochure. A code valid in several units counts every hunter in all of them.

Draw results are CPW's primary-draw recap and drawn-out-at reports, 2024–2026, adult licenses. "Drawn out at" is the lowest preference-point level that drew a license; "Leftover" means licenses remained after the draw. A code valid in several units counts every applicant for all of them. Source: CPW draw reports, 2024–2026.

What the research says for this season

Findings from published studies and agency work, as tendencies. They describe how elk have behaved where they were studied, not where they are in Unit 10.

  • In Montana GPS work, rifle-season elk tended to hold about a mile or more from open motorized routes, in blocks of 5,000 acres or more.

    Ranglack et al., 2017 Established finding

  • At Oregon's Starkey Experimental Forest, bulls chose more canopy and kept away from open roads by day during hunts, and the shift was stronger in rifle seasons than in archery.

    Smith et al., 2022 Single study

  • In Montana, collared elk shifted onto ground closed to public hunting once rifle seasons opened, ahead of security cover on public land.

    Proffitt et al., 2013 Established finding

Read next: Colorado second rifle elk, 2026 · How to e-scout a Colorado elk unit

Build a plan for Unit 10, free.

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POIs are terrain candidates — places worth checking, not animal locations.

Reference

Terrain, the multi-year numbers, neighbors and sources. Each opens in place.

Terrain and habitat

5,010–8,700 ft; shrubland 61.1% and pinyon-juniper 29.6%; burns: Twelve Fire, Deserado Fire and Horse Draw Fire (2025, 2023 and 2021).

Unit-wide figures, computed 2026-10-19.

Elevation Acres per 1,000 ft band. USGS 3DEP.
  1. 5k–6k ft 238,850 ac
  2. 6k–7k ft 166,160 ac
  3. 7k–8k ft 108,080 ac
  4. 8k–9k ft 15,880 ac
Table view
BandAcres
5,000–6,000 ft238,850 ac
6,000–7,000 ft166,160 ac
7,000–8,000 ft108,080 ac
8,000–9,000 ft15,880 ac
Slope Share of the unit per slope class.
  1. Under 5° 39.7%
  2. 5–15° 39.1%
  3. 15–25° 13.1%
  4. 25–35° 5.4%
  5. 35°+ 2.7%
Table view
Slope classShare
Flat (under 5°)39.7%
Gentle (5–15°)39.1%
Moderate (15–25°)13.1%
Steep (25–35°)5.4%
Very steep (35° and up)2.7%
Aspect Share of non-flat ground facing each way.
  1. N 12%
  2. NE 10.9%
  3. E 14.3%
  4. SE 13.9%
  5. S 13.2%
  6. SW 11.5%
  7. W 12.2%
  8. NW 12%
Table view
AspectShare
North12%
Northeast10.9%
East14.3%
Southeast13.9%
South13.2%
Southwest11.5%
West12.2%
Northwest12%
Vegetation LF2024 existing vegetation, groups of 1% or more.
  1. Shrubland 61.1%
  2. Pinyon-juniper 29.6%
  3. Grass & meadow 3.4%
  4. Rock & scree 2.6%
Table view
Vegetation groupShare
Shrubland61.1%
Pinyon-juniper29.6%
Grass & meadow3.4%
Rock & scree2.6%
Item Value Data
Burned 0–3 years ago 6,200 acTwelve Fire (2025), 4,200 acDeserado Fire (2023), 1,100 acHorse Draw Fire (2025), 800 acJack Springs Fire (2025), 100 ac NIFC since 2020 NIFC since 2020
Burned 4–10 years ago 100 acSkull Creek Fire (2021), 100 ac NIFC since 2020 NIFC since 2020
Openings in timber 2,209 openings of 1–40 ac, from lidar covering 99.7% of the unit 2026-10-19 2026-10-19
Habitat Score, second rifle Share of 319,600 ac of huntable public ground in each score band. Median 0.8. Scoring v20, computed 2026-10-19.
Table view
ScoreShare of scored ground
0–0.519.8%
0.5–153.6%
1–1.520.5%
1.5–25%
2–2.51%
2.5–30.2%
3–3.50%
3.5–40%
4–4.50%
4.5–50%

Glassline's Habitat Score grades terrain and habitat for the season on food, water, breeding and shelter. Shown here as one distribution for the whole unit, never a map: it grades ground, not animal locations.

The numbers

CPW harvest estimates 2022–2024 for the chosen season and all seasons, the Rangely/Blue Mountain herd (E-21) estimate for 2025 and hunter density, 2024.

CPW counted 33 second rifle hunters in 2024; on so few, the success rate swings widely from year to year. Across all seasons, hunters fell by about half between 2022 and 2024. Unit 10 makes up CPW's Rangely/Blue Mountain herd unit (E-21) on its own, estimated at about 2,000 elk after the 2025 hunt, with 51 bulls per 100 cows.

Hunters, harvest and success
Season Year Hunters Harvest Success
Second rifle 2022 54 22 41%
2023 35 12 35%
2024 33 18 55%
All seasons 2022 570 323 57%
2023 258 127 49%
2024 274 158 58%

CPW elk harvest reports, 2022–2024. A dash: not reported.

Item Value Data
Hunter density 2 hunter-days per sq mi, all seasons CPW 2024 CPW 2024
Herd estimate (Rangely/Blue Mountain, E-21) 1,970 post-hunt · 1,480 in 2019 CPW 2025 CPW 2025
Bull:cow ratio 51 bulls per 100 cows CPW 2025 CPW 2025

CPW harvest figures are survey estimates, not counts, and they cover the whole unit, private land included. Source: CPW harvest reports, 2022–2024.

Herd numbers cover the whole Rangely/Blue Mountain herd unit (E-21): CPW manages herds, not units. Source: CPW post-hunt population estimate, 2025.

Neighbors

Units 11, 1, 21, 2 and 22, nearest first.

From each unit's own page; dates there.

What this page can't tell you

Closures, private ground, this year's pressure and animal locations.
  • Closures. Forest, fire and road closure orders change through the season and aren't checked here. The managing agency's current order governs.
  • Private ground. Land with no public hunting access is hunted only with the owner's permission, and the public-land share above leaves it out.
  • This year's pressure. CPW's hunter numbers run a year or more behind the season you're planning.
  • Animal locations. These are terrain, access, harvest and herd figures, and CPW's mapped ranges are range lines; none of them places an animal. Finding elk is still your job.

Sources

24 datasets and studies, dated where the source dates them.
  1. Elk statistics: population estimates and harvest reports — Colorado Parks and Wildlife
  2. Colorado big game hunting: brochure, seasons and hunt codes — Colorado Parks and Wildlife
  3. Game Management Unit boundaries (Hunting Atlas) — Colorado Parks and Wildlife On the map: unit boundaries, 2025.
  4. COMaP: Colorado Ownership, Management and Protection — Colorado Natural Heritage Program, 2026-10-12 On the map: public land by manager, mapped 2026-07-29.
  5. 3D Elevation Program (3DEP), 1/3 arc-second — U.S. Geological Survey On the map: shaded relief from 5 m and 10 m lidar elevation, mapped 2026-10-04; elevation bands and slope, mapped 2026-10-04.
  6. LANDFIRE Existing Vegetation Type (LF 2024) — U.S. Geological Survey / USDA Forest Service, LF2024
  7. Wildland Fire Interagency Geospatial Services (WFIGS) fire perimeters — National Interagency Fire Center On the map: burns over 100 acres since 2020, mapped 2026-06-29.
  8. 3DEP lidar point clouds (canopy height model) — U.S. Geological Survey
  9. COTREX: Colorado Trail Explorer — Colorado Parks and Wildlife On the map: trailheads, 2024.
  10. Motor Vehicle Use Maps (MVUM) — USDA Forest Service On the map: roads by vehicle class, drawn as open on the selected season's opener, mapped 2026-08-22.
  11. Highways and major roads — Colorado Department of Transportation On the map: highways, mapped 2026-07-31.
  12. U.S. Drought Monitor — National Drought Mitigation Center, 2026-10-13
  13. MOD13Q1 vegetation indices (NDVI), 250 m 16-day — NASA LP DAAC, 2026-09-29
  14. National Weather Service 7-day gridpoint forecast — National Weather Service, 2026-10-21
  15. National Weather Service Area Forecast Discussion (BOU, GJT, PUB) — National Weather Service, 2026-10-21
  16. Effects of bull age on conception dates and pregnancy rates of cow elk — Noyes, Johnson, Bryant, Findholt and Thomas, Journal of Wildlife Management 60(3), 1996
  17. Security areas for elk during archery and rifle hunting seasons — Ranglack, Proffitt, Canfield, Gude, Rotella and Garrott, Journal of Wildlife Management 81(5), 2017
  18. Wildfire extends the shelf life of elk nutritional resources regardless of fire severity — Snobl, Proffitt and Millspaugh, Ecosphere 13(7), 2022
  19. Behavioral responses of male elk to hunting risk — Smith, Spitz, Brown, Wisdom, Rowland, Forrester, Johnson and Clark, Journal of Wildlife Management 86, 2022
  20. Effects of hunter access and habitat security on elk habitat selection in landscapes with a public and private land matrix — Proffitt, Gude, Hamlin and Messer, Journal of Wildlife Management 77(3), 2013
  21. Plasticity in elk migration timing is a response to changing environmental conditions — Rickbeil, Merkle, Anderson, Atwood, Beckmann, Cole, Courtemanch, Dewey, Gustine, Kauffman, McWhirter, Mong, Proffitt, White and Middleton, Global Change Biology 25, 2019
  22. SNOTEL network: daily snow depth and snow water equivalent — USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service On the map: SNOTEL stations.
  23. Gazetteer files, places — U.S. Census Bureau, 2024 On the map: towns, 2024.
  24. Species Activity Mapping: elk seasonal ranges — Colorado Parks and Wildlife, 2025 On the map: CPW mapped ranges, 2025.

Build a plan for Unit 10, free.

Start free

POIs are terrain candidates — places worth checking, not animal locations.